E'shan is the first Yi autonomous county in China and the first place in Yunnan Province to implement regional ethnic autonomy. The county governs 76 villages (communities) in 2 sub-districts, 3 towns, and 3 townships. There are 25 ethnic groups such as Yi, Han and Hani with a total area of 1972 square kilometers and a total population of 170,200. Farmers account for 80% of the total population, and the mountainous area accounts for 96% of the total area. E'shan is endowed with a long history and outstanding people, as well as a good ecology and rich natural resources. The Bamboo Garden of Yi People's Valley and Gaoxiang Tea Garden are both beautiful and peaceful. Except for its good climate, E'shan is also rich in natural resources. There is an iron ore reserve of 89.78 million tons, coal reserves are 30 million tons, and copper reserves are 4.75 million tons. There are more than 1,500 kinds of plants and more than 100 wild animals that grow here, and its forest coverage rate reaches 68%. The cultural treasures of the Yi nationality are fascinating and are based on the “Six Yi” culture, namely ancestors, towns, medicine, fire, drums, and embroidery. E'shan is the holy land of the ancestors of the Yi people. The ancestor of the Yi people was Apu Dumu, his six sons Mu Yaqie, Mu Yakao, Mu Yare, Mu Yawo, Mu Keke, and Mu Qiqi each started 6 ancient Yi tribes, known as the "six ancestors of the Yi ethnic group. E'shan was awarded the Hometown of Chinese Folk Art for the Yi Huagu Dance. In 2019, the GDP of E'shan reached RMB11.255 billion, an increase of 10%. Of these, the fixed asset investment above designated size was RMB7.994 billion, an increase of 2.3%. Total retail sales of consumer goods was RMB2.23 billion, an increase of 12.2% while per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents reached RMB 40,927 and RMB 14,404, an increase of 8.1% and 10.4% respectively.
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